Kopterflug Inspection Services GmbH
+49 421 408 937 90
This is a supplementary English summary of our German service page. View full German version
Note: Regulations and standards mentioned on this page (e.g. BetrSichV, DGUV, API 653) refer to German and European frameworks. We are happy to discuss how these relate to your local requirements.
Non-destructive testing (NDT) by drone – Flyability ELIOS 3 with VT, thermography and LiDAR

Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) by Drone – VT, Thermography & LiDAR from the Air

The Flyability ELIOS 3 brings three NDT-relevant sensor systems simultaneously to every point inside a facility – without human entry, without scaffolding. ZfP (German: Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung) meets drone technology: faster, safer, better documented.

Notice: This article is for general information purposes and does not constitute legal advice. Kopterflug Inspection Services GmbH accepts no liability for accuracy, completeness or currency. The authoritative texts are always the current versions of the regulations at gesetze-im-internet.de and baua.de.
NDT without human entry – possible for your facility? Get a free assessment

ZfP/NDT in Industry: Access is the Real Problem

Flyability ELIOS 3 – three NDT sensors in one platform

Flyability ELIOS 3 – three NDT sensor systems in one platform.

Non-destructive testing (NDT / ZfP – Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung) is the standard for assessing plant integrity. The problem was never the measurement technology – it was the access. Scaffolding, rope access or human entry cost time, money and carry risk.

The Flyability ELIOS 3 brings three NDT-relevant sensor systems simultaneously to every point inside a facility – without any human entry.

4K Video (VT)

Visual testing: visible damage, corrosion, cracks, deposits – high-resolution documented.

Radiometric Thermography

Concealed damage: CUI, hotspots, leakages, insulation defects – with absolute temperature values.

LiDAR (3D Measurement)

Geometry, deformation, volumetrics, digital twin – with centimetre-level precision.

The problem with NDT was never the measurement technology – it was access. The ELIOS 3 brings VT, thermography and LiDAR simultaneously to every point.

Note: This article is for general information and does not constitute legal advice. Always refer to current versions of applicable regulations.
LiDAR 3D scan economiser

What the ELIOS 3 Covers – and What It Cannot

ELIOS 3 performing non-contact inspection of ash duct in power plant

ELIOS 3 performing non-contact inspection of an ash duct in a power plant.

Transparency is important to us. The ELIOS 3 covers non-contact NDT methods. Contact methods (UT, MT, PT, ET, RT) require physical contact with the surface – a flying drone cannot achieve this.

In practice we rely on hybrid inspection: the drone identifies and localises problem areas by VT, thermography and LiDAR – and only where necessary does a targeted contact inspection by an NDT inspector follow.

Hybrid inspection: drone first, human only where needed. The drone localises problem areas – targeted contact inspection (UT, MT) only at marked locations.

NDT Methods and Drone Suitability

Non-contact methods are flown by the drone – contact methods are performed by the inspector, targeted at drone-marked locations.

Method Standard Drone Suitable? Notes
Visual Testing (VT) DIN EN ISO 17637, DIN EN 13018 Yes – ELIOS 3 4K, 16,000 lm. Acceptance by TÜV growing steadily. Pre-screening + documentation.
Thermography (IRT) DIN 54190 / ISO 10878 Yes – ELIOS 3 320×256 px radiometric, −10°C to +400°C. CUI, hotspots, leakages. Especially valuable in boilers and furnaces.
LiDAR 3D Scanning Ouster OS0-128 Yes – ELIOS 3 Centimetre precision, 1.31M points/sec. Deformation, volumetrics, digital twin. Damage progression monitoring.
Ultrasound (UT) DIN EN ISO 17640 No (contact method) Wall thickness and internal defects. Hybrid inspection: drone localises, inspector measures at marked locations. Optional UT payload available.
Magnetic Particle (MT) DIN EN ISO 17638 No (contact method) Surface and near-surface cracks. Hybrid inspection: drone identifies suspect locations, MT inspector follows up specifically.
Liquid Penetrant (PT) DIN EN ISO 3452 No (contact method) Open surface defects. Drone pre-screening reduces PT scope to specific areas.
Eddy Current (ET) DIN EN ISO 15549 No (contact method) Near-surface defects and conductivity measurement. Drone localises; ET inspector measures.
Radiography (RT) DIN EN ISO 17636 No Requires physical setup of radiation source and detector. Drone data can support positioning.

Hybrid Inspection: Optimising the NDT Workflow with Drone

Thermography finding evaluation on laptop – findings directly after the flight

Thermography finding evaluation on laptop – findings available directly after the flight.

The most efficient approach for NDT in confined spaces is not drone only or classical only, but the combination:

1
Drone First Inspection

The ELIOS 3 covers the facility completely, capturing 4K video, thermography and LiDAR. Result: complete documentation of current condition, localisation of all anomalies in 3D.

2
Finding Evaluation

Data is evaluated in Flyability Cloud (Inspector 5). Damage locations are marked, classified and prioritised in the 3D model. The inspector decides where contact inspection is needed.

3
Targeted Manual Deployment

Only at the identified locations does manual deployment occur (UT, MT etc.) – with exact position data from the 3D model. This reduces human entry into confined spaces to the absolute minimum.

Relevant Standards and Norms

The integration of drones into NDT processes is normatively in development. Whether an inspection body (TÜV, DEKRA, DNV) accepts drone-supported VT/IRT is decided project-specifically. Acceptance is growing steadily.

Visual Testing

DIN EN ISO 17637 (weld seam VT), DIN EN 13018 (general VT), API 510/653 (pressure vessels/tanks).

Thermography

DIN 54190 / ISO 10878 (thermographic testing), VDI/VDE 3511 (technical temperature measurement).

Plant Safety

BetrSichV (German Industrial Safety Regulation), DGUV Regel 113-004 (confined spaces), TRBS 1112 (maintenance). German: Betriebssicherheitsverordnung.

There is no blanket certification “drone = norm-compliant”. However, acceptance by inspection bodies is growing steadily – particularly for pre-screening and condition documentation.

Conclusion: NDT by Drone – Extension, Not Replacement

The ELIOS 3 does not replace the NDT inspector – it extends their reach. Instead of entering a confined space themselves, the inspector flies the drone and evaluates the data from the safe area.

Safety

Zero human entry – no human entry into confined spaces required.

Speed

First inspection in hours rather than days. Multiple facilities inspectable on the same day.

Data Quality

4K + thermography + LiDAR simultaneously – more data than in a classical walkdown, reproducible.

Cost

Scaffolding, rope access, rescue chain eliminated. Substantial cost saving at equivalent quality.

Your Contacts at Kopterflug

Our team has been performing drone-based NDT data collection in industrial facilities since 2017.

Christian Engelke – Founder, Drone Pilot Christian Engelke Founder & Drone Pilot
Confined Spaces since 2017
Karsten Lehrke – Managing Director Karsten Lehrke Managing Director
Dipl.-Ing. Mechanical Engineering
Philipp – Drone Pilot Philipp Drone Pilot
Industrial Inspection
Max – Inspection Specialist Max Inspection Specialist
Data Analysis
Benjamin – Drone Pilot Benjamin Drone Pilot
Field Operations

Frequently Asked Questions

Is drone-supported VT recognised under DIN EN ISO 17637?

The standard defines requirements for illumination, resolution and observation angle. The ELIOS 3 technically meets these (4K, 16,000 lumen). Whether the specific inspection body accepts remote VT by drone is decided project-specifically. Acceptance is growing steadily.

Can the drone perform ultrasound testing (UT)?

The ELIOS 3 can perform wall thickness measurements with an optional UT payload. For conventional contact UT inspections, we rely on hybrid inspection: the drone localises critical areas by VT and thermography, the inspector measures precisely only there.

What is the difference between NDT by drone and conventional walkdown?

The main difference is access: instead of scaffolding, rope access or human entry, the drone takes over. It captures VT, thermography and LiDAR simultaneously. Data quality is in many cases comparable or better – at significantly less risk and effort.

For what facility sizes is the drone suitable?

The ELIOS 3 fits through openings from DN 600 (approx. 60 cm). Inside, it operates in spaces from a few cubic metres to large halls and tanks. Battery changes between flights take seconds; alternatively tethered operation with up to 1 hour flight time is possible.

How are NDT data documented and delivered?

You receive 4K video, radiometric thermal images and LiDAR point clouds. Data is processed in Flyability Cloud (Inspector 5) and can be exported as .las/.e57 (3D), .mp4 (video) and PDF reports – compatible with standard CAD/BIM systems.

What is hybrid inspection (Hybridinspektion)?

Hybrid inspection is the combination of drone-based non-contact NDT (VT, thermography, LiDAR) with targeted human contact NDT (UT, MT, PT) at drone-identified locations. The drone acts as a systematic pre-screening tool across the entire facility surface; contact methods are only deployed where the drone has identified anomalies. This approach reduces human entry into confined spaces to the absolute minimum and cuts total inspection cost substantially.

Contact Us

We assess free of charge whether drone-based NDT is suitable for your facility. Send us your plant data – we will respond with an honest assessment.

Kopterflug Inspection Services GmbH
Am Tabakquartier 62, 28197 Bremen, Germany
+49 421 408 937-0 · [email protected]
Source page: /en/knowledge-base/zerstoerungsfreie-pruefung-zfp-drohne